The Earnings Gap and Pay Equity: Developments in Five Countries

Abstract

In this paper, I define the major terms then briefly outline the pay equity initiatives taken in each country. I then discuss the use of lower levels or more rapid rates of decrease of the female male earnings gap as proxies for less gender discrimination in the labour market. The relative importance of pay equity developments, summarised into typologies, as against economic and political climates for success, is then assessed. A final section speculates on the future of the earnings gap and pay equity in New Zealand and suggests where future research is most needed.